CRISPR screening has unravelled various molecular mechanisms in basic biology, medical genetics, cancer research, immunology, infectious diseases, microbiology and other fields. Dedicated software tools facilitate bioinformatic analysis and enhance reproducibility. Moreover, high-content read-outs such as single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial imaging help characterize screened cells with unprecedented detail. Contributing to the broad utility of CRISPR screens, adaptations of the core CRISPR technology make it possible to activate, silence or otherwise manipulate the target genes. The typical results of such screens are ranked lists of genes that confer sensitivity or resistance to the biological challenge of interest. Subsequently, the perturbation-induced effects are evaluated by sequencing-based counting of the guide RNAs that specify each perturbation. The targeted cells proliferate under a biological challenge such as cell competition, drug treatment or viral infection. ![]() In pooled CRISPR screens, various genetically encoded perturbations are introduced into pools of cells. ![]() ![]() CRISPR screens are a powerful source of biological discovery, enabling the unbiased interrogation of gene function in a wide range of applications and species.
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